IMPORTANT NOTE: Since I wrote what is above and directly below, I've realized that I gave Jett natural dessicated thyroid for the two weeks that Jett's doctor changed his thyroid meds from T3 to T4, since it takes 2 weeks for the synthetic meds to work... It was during these two weeks that Jett grew so much... I took him off the natural in lieu of the synthetic. The growth stopped... Now, he's back on the natural (NutraMeds--see the thyroid post) and low and behold, he is growing again! So, it appears that it is the NutraMeds thyroid and may or may not be the astragalus. I am continuing the astragalus anyway--may as well finish the bottle!
But, I've been giving astragalus to him for seven days and he has gained a pound over these seven days! I repeat, in A YEAR he has gained 2 pounds and lost 1, and in 7 days on astragalus, he has gained 1 pound!! Additionally, Jett has been constipated since he was 3-4 months old... In these 7 days, Jett has gone on his potty every single day!! So this is the first time he's gone 7 days in a row in 13-14 months!! I must note that I gave Jett a couple of drops for a week to see if he'd have a reaction. I didn't see anything so I went ahead and gave him 15 drops the first day and increased it to 10 drops in the morning, 10 in the afternoon and 6 at night through the course of these 7 days. The second day, he vomited twice and actually had three bowel movements. Jett has never had diarrhea except the day after heart surgery because of the antibiotics. And these 3 BMs looked normal, but did cause him much stomach distress. (I'm sure he needed to be cleaned out a bit!) After this second day, there's been no vomiting and just one normal looking BM a day (actually at night).
Needless to say, I'm very optimistic about this treatment! I tried to measure him but he was not cooperative at all and I actually got numbers that were less than 7 days ago. I know he didn't shrink, so I'll get my husband to help me tomorrow.
Update: After two weeks on astragalus: He gained another pound! So he's up to 18 lbs!!!Update. September 20: He's lost 1/2 a pound when we traveled to Wisconsin. So, since I've been giving him astragalus, he's gained 2 lbs, lost 1/2, and grew an inch and grew 1 centimeter in head circumference, in less than a month!Update (restarted the thyroid meds): December 1: He's up to 19.8 lbs! And his head circumference increased 1/2 an inch!
I talked to Jett's TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) practitioner, and she said that it made perfect sense to her that it would be working for him. (Because it increases chi and something about water, etc.??) She cautioned that in TCM, they use a blend of herbs and not just the straight herb. She said if he's tugging at his ears, then he's getting too much and needs a couple of days off. She said maybe 3 days on, 1 day off. Or 9 days on, 3 days off. She said since he may have pulmonary hypertension, I need to take him off 10 days before any tests on his heart and lungs so that it won't interfere with the results. He's getting his heart/lungs tested soon, so I went ahead and took him off. Since taking him off, he's only had one BM on his own and one that we forced in two weeks. :( After his tests, I'll put him back on.
New update (2/2014)
I tried astragalus again just because I had some left over from another family member... This time, Jett had recently been growing because of new thyroid meds. But Jett had a new side effect this time, what was happening was that Jett woke up all night long soooo thirsty! I turns out that the first time I gave it to him, he was still hypothyroid, which could be described as "congested" with "foggy brain" and "cold" or "cold and moist"... But, now that he's not hypothyroid, (clear congestion/brain) he reacted to astragalus differently. I looked it up and found this from http://chakra4online.com/herbs-for-immune-support/the-benefits-of-astragalus:
Even though Astragalus is safe and non-toxic, its energy is warm and dry. If you are cold and moist, Astragalus is well suited to your constitution. However, people who tend to run hot and are thirsty all the time may become hotter and drier when using Astragalus, unless you offset the action with other herbs.
It is important to customize the way you use herbs to be compatible with your own unique body type and constitution. There are other herbs you can use to enhance the effectiveness of the remedy and not aggravate your condition.
If you tend to be hot and dry:
Combine Astragalus with Marshmallow root, which is cool and moist
If you are female, especially during the menopausal years, combine with Shatavari, a female tonic herb from India
Make a tea of Peppermint and Chickweed, add Astragalus tincture, serve cool
If you run hot and moist, bitter herbs tend to be cool and dry in action, and can offset the warmth of Astragalus. Oregon Grape root, Dandelion root are two good examples.
If you’re cold and dry:
Add Licorice root to Astragalus tea; Licorice is warm and moist
Combine with Ginger and Marshmallow root
Overview
Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceus) has been used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for thousands of years, often in combination with other herbs, to strengthen the body against disease. Astragalus is an adaptoge, meaning it helps protect the body against various stresses, including physical, mental, or emotional stress. It may help protect the body from diseases such as cancer and diabetes. It contains antioxidants, which protect cells against damage caused by free radicals, byproducts of cellular energy. Astragalus is used to protect and support the immune system, for preventing colds and upper respiratory infections, to lower blood pressure, to treat diabetes and to protect the liver.
Astragalus has antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. It is sometimes used topically for wounds. In addition, studies have shown that astragalus has antiviral properties and stimulates the immune system, suggesting that it is indeed effective at preventing colds.
In the United States, researchers have investigated astragalus as a possible treatment for people whose immune systems have been compromised by chemotherapy or radiation. In these studies, astragalus supplements have been shown to speed recovery and extend life expectancy. Research on using astragalus for people with AIDS has produced inconclusive results.
Recent research in China indicates that astragalus may offer antioxidant benefits to people with severe forms of heart disease, relieving symptoms and improving heart function. At low-to-moderate doses, astragalus has few side effects, although it does interact with a number of other herbs and prescription medications. Astragalus may also have mild diuretic (rids the body of excess fluid) activity.
Medicinal Uses and Indications
Traditional uses include the treatment of the following:
* Adaptogen - protects the body from stress
* Colds and influenza
* Persistent infection
* Fever
* Multiple allergies
* Asthma
* Chronic fatigue
* Fatigue or lack of appetite associated with chemotherapy
* Anemia
* Wounds
* Heart disease
* Kidney disease
* Hepatitis
* Stomach ulcers
It is also used to treat general digestive disturbances, including diarrhea, gas, and bloating.
For products I use for Jett, see the DS Day to Day Store
Dosage
Pediatric
Astragalus may be given to children to support the immune system. A child with fever, however, should not be given astragalus because, according to Traditional Chinese Medicine, the herb may make the fever last longer or grow stronger.
There is not enough scientific data to recommend a certain dose for use in children. But a dose can be determined by adjusting the recommended adult dose to account for the child's weight. Most herbal dosages for adults are calculated on the basis of a 150 lb (70 kg) adult. Therefore, if the child weighs 50 lb (20 - 25 kg), the appropriate dose of astragalus would be 1/3 of the adult dosage. However, because strengths and concentrations will vary with different preparations, dosages should be determined on an individual basis. Any long-term dosage should be determined by your doctor.
Note: In theory, consumption of the tragacanth (gummy sap derived from astragalus) may reduce absorption of drugs taken by mouth, and should be taken at separate times.
Adult
Doses from 1 - 25 g per day are sometimes used. Higher doses may suppress the immune system. For best results, it is recommended to use a standardized astragalus supplement. Recommended doses are as follows:
* Standardized extract: 250 - 500 mg, three to four times a day standardized to 0.4% 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy isoflavone 7-sug.
* Decoction (strong boiled tea): 3 - 6 g of dried root per 12 oz water, three times per day
* Fluid extract (1:1) in 25% ethanol: 2 - 4 mL, three times a day
* Powdered root: 500 - 1,000 mg, three or four times per day
* Ointment: 10% astragalus applied to surface of wound. Do not apply to open wound without your doctor's supervision.
* Tincture (1:5) in 30% ethanol: 3 - 5 mL, three times a day
The below doses are based on scientific research, publications, traditional use, or expert opinion. Many herbs and supplements have not been thoroughly tested, and safety and effectiveness may not be proven. Brands may be made differently, with variable ingredients, even within the same brand. The below doses may not apply to all products. You should read product labels, and discuss doses with a qualified healthcare provider before starting therapy.
Based on anecdotal reports and preliminary laboratory research, astragalus may increase the risk of bleeding. Caution is advised in patients with bleeding disorders or taking drugs that may increase the risk of bleeding. Dosing adjustments may be necessary.
Preliminary reports of human use in China have noted decreased blood pressure at doses below 15 grams and increased blood pressure at doses above 30 grams. Animal research suggests possible blood pressure lowering effects. Due to a lack of well-designed studies, no firm conclusions can be drawn. Nonetheless, people with abnormal blood pressure or taking blood pressure medications should use caution and be monitored by a qualified healthcare professional. Palpitations have been noted in human reports in China.
Standardization
Standardization involves measuring the amount of certain chemicals in products to try to make different preparations similar to each other. It is not always known if the chemicals being measured are the "active" ingredients. Anecdotal reports have recommended astragalus to be standardized to a minimum of 0.4% 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-isoflavone-7-glycoside per dose. However, since astragalus is often added to herbal mixtures with unclear amounts used, standardization is not always possible.
Benefits
Uses based on scientific evidence
Anti-viral activity
Anti-viral activity has been reported with the use of astragalus in laboratory and animal studies. Limited human research has examined the use of astragalus for viral infections in the lung, heart (pericarditis), liver (hepatitis B and C), cervix (papilloma virus), and in HIV disease. Studies have included combinations of astragalus with the drug interferon, or as a part of herbal mixtures. However, most studies have been small and poorly designed. Due to a lack of well-designed research, no firm conclusions can be drawn.
Cancer
Although early laboratory and animal studies report increased immune cell function and reduced cancer cell growth associated with the use of astragalus, there is no reliable human evidence in these areas. Due to a lack of well-designed research, a firm conclusion cannot be drawn.
Chemotherapy side effects
In Chinese medicine, astragalus-containing herbal mixtures are sometimes used with the intention to reduce side effects of cancer treatments. Due to a lack of well-designed research, a firm conclusion cannot be drawn.
Coronary artery disease
In Chinese medicine, herbal mixtures containing astragalus have been used to treat heart diseases. There are several human case reports of reduced symptoms and improved heart function, although these are not well described. High quality human research is necessary before a conclusion can be drawn.
Heart failure
In Chinese medicine, herbal mixtures containing astragalus have been used to treat various heart diseases. There are several human case reports of reduced symptoms and improved heart function, and diuretic ("water pill") effects, although these are not well described. High quality human research is necessary before a conclusion can be drawn.
Immune stimulation
Astragalus has been suggested as an immune system stimulant in preliminary laboratory and animal research, and in traditional accounts. Reliable human studies are lacking. High quality human research is necessary before a firm conclusion can be drawn.
Liver protection
Several animal and human studies report that astragalus may protect the liver from damage related to toxins or hepatitis B and C. Overall, this research has been poorly designed and reported. Astragalus alone has not been well evaluated. Better quality research is necessary before a conclusion can be drawn.
Low white blood cell count
Astragalus has been suggested as an immune system stimulant in preliminary laboratory and animal research, and in traditional accounts. There are published reports from China of white blood cell counts increasing during the use of astragalus preparations, although details are limited. Reliable scientific study has not been conducted in this area. High quality human research is necessary before a firm conclusion can be drawn.
Myocarditis/endocarditis (heart infections)
Anti-viral activity has been reported in laboratory studies and animal models of myocarditis/endocarditis. Human research is limited in this area, and further research is necessary before a conclusion can be drawn.
Renal failure
Several animal and human studies report that kidney damage from toxins and kidney failure may be improved with the use of astragalus-containing herbal mixtures. Overall, this research has been poorly designed and reported. Astragalus alone has not been well evaluated. Better quality research is necessary before a conclusion can be drawn.
Upper respiratory tract infection
Astragalus is often used in Chinese medicine as a part of herbal mixtures to prevent or treat upper respiratory tract infections. Anti-viral activity has been reported in laboratory and animal studies, and in limited human reports. However, most studies have been small and poorly designed. Due to a lack of well-designed research, no firm conclusions can be drawn.
Uses based on tradition or theory
The below uses are based on tradition or scientific theories. They often have not been thoroughly tested in humans, and safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider.
Adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease), aging, AIDS/HIV, allergies, Alzheimer's disease, anemia, angina, ankylosing spondylitis, anorexia, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, asthma, blood thinner, bone-marrow suppression from cancer or HIV, bronchitis, cardiac ischemia, cervicitis, "chi deficiency" (fatigue, weakness, loss of appetite), chronic fatigue syndrome, chronic hepatitis, cleanser, cyclosporine-induced immune suppression, cytomegalovirus, dementia, demulcent, denture adhesive (astragalus sap), dermatitis, diabetes, diabetic foot ulcers, diabetic neuropathy, diarrhea, digestion enhancement, diuretic (urination stimulant), edema, fatigue, fever, gangrene, gastrointestinal disorders, genital herpes, graft-versus-host disease, hearing damage from toxins/gentamicin, heart attack, hemorrhage (bleeding), hemorrhoids, herpes simplex keratitis, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, HIV/AIDS, hyperthyroid, insomnia, irregular menstruation, joint pain, laxative, leprosy, leukemia, liver disease, low blood platelets, lung cancer, memory, menstrual disorders, metabolic disorders, minimal brain dysfunction, myalgia (muscle pain), myasthenia gravis, nephritis, night sweats, palpitations, pelvic congestion syndrome, postpartum fever, postpartum urinary retention, prostatitis, rectal prolapse, rotovirus enterocolitis (infants), shortness of breath, smoking cessation, smoking withdrawal symptoms, sperm motility, stamina/endurance enhancement, stomach ulcer, stroke, sweating (excessive), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), tissue oxygenation, uterine prolapse, uterine bleeding, weight loss, wound healing.
Immunity Benefits
"November 17, 2008 Astragalus compound slows telomere shortening in T lymphocytes Telomeres are protective regions at the end of the cells' chromosomes, which shorten each time a cell divides. When telomeres become sufficiently short, cells reach a stage known as replicative senescence in which they can no longer divide. The enzyme known as telomerase prevents telomeres from shortening when activated. Unlike most of the body's cells, immune system cells upregulate telomerase with their activation. However, with aging or chronic infection with HIV, there is an increase in the proportion of dysfunctional CD8 T-cells with short telomeres, demonstrating that telomerase has a limited effect. "The problem is that when we're dealing with a virus that can't be totally eliminated from the body, such as HIV, the T-cells fighting that virus can't keep their telomerase turned on forever," explained UCLA AIDS Institute member Rita Effros. "They turn off, and telomeres get shorter and they enter this stage of replicative senescence." In a study described in the November 15, 2008 issue of the Journal of Immunology, Dr Effros and her colleagues tested a compound known as TAT2, originally derived from the Chinese herb astragalus, on CD8 T-cells from HIV-infected individuals. They found that TAT2 retarded the shortening of the cells' telomeres as well as improved their production of chemokines and cytokines that help inhibit HIV replication. "The ability to enhance telomerase activity and antiviral functions of CD8 T-lymphocytes suggests that this strategy could be useful in treating HIV disease, as well as immunodeficiency and increased susceptibility to other viral infections associated with chronic diseases or aging," the authors write. Dr Effros added, "This has the potential to be either added to or possibly even replace the HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy), which is not tolerated well by some patients and is also costly." http://www.facebook.com/l/
Growth Hormone & Astragalus
Arch Pharm Res. 2003 Jan;26(1):34-9.
Induction of growth hormone by the roots of Astragalus membranaceus in pituitary cell culture.
Kim C, Ha H, Kim JS, Kim YT, Kwon SC, Park SW.
Source
Drug Research and Development Team, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 129-11 Chungdam-dong, Kangnam-ku, Seoul, Korea. cskim@kiom.re.kr
Abstract
The traditional Asian medicinal herb, roots of Astragalus (A.) membranaceus (Leguminosae), is used for many purposes, some of which are purported to stimulate the release of growth hormone in vivo. Extracts of A. membranaceus were tested to determine whether they stimulate the release of growth hormone in rat pituitary cell culture. A. membranaceus was extracted sequentially with 80% ethanol (fraction A), n-hexane (fraction B); the test compound from the herbal extraction was isolated using silica gel column chromatography and was identified with spectral data. Test compound was also extracted by traditional boiling water methods. Induction of growth hormone in pituitary cell culture was conducted with isolated compounds and extracted fractions of A. Radix (dried roots of A. membranaceus). The fraction A was not active in the rat pituitary cell culture, but the fraction B derived from the ethanol fraction stimulated the release of growth hormone in
culture. Six compounds from fraction B (1-6) were isolated and identified previously. The compounds 1,2-benzendicarboxylic acid diisononylester (1), beta-sitosterol (2), and 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-
beta-sitosterol (5) did not induce growth hormone release in the culture. Formononetin (3), 9Z,12Z-octadecadienoic acid (4), stigmast-4-en-6beta-ol-3-one (6) and 98-E, a mixture of 1'-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-2',3'-dihydroxy-propylester (7) and 1'-hexadecanoic acid-2',3'-dihydroxy-propylester (8) stimulated the release of growth hormone in the rat pituitary cell culture significantly compared to the control.
In conclusions, four compounds isolated from extracts of A. Radix induced growth hormone release in the rat pituitary cell culture. The 98-E isolate was the most active inducer of growth hormone release.
PMID:
12568355
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Herbs that Stimulate Growth Hormones
The growth hormones play a critical role in human development and remain important across the lifespan. Released mainly by the pituitary gland, growth hormones circulate throughout the body, affecting many processes. People can inject synthetic forms of growth hormones or increase their natural levels by behavioral means. Some herbs, for example, naturally enhance growth hormones. Yet this research remains preliminary, and you should consult your doctor before ingesting such herbs.
Yellow Leader
The herb Astragalus membranaceus is a perennial plant critical to Chinese traditional medicine also known as yellow leader. People use this supplement as a general tonic with positive roles in aging, immunity, and digestion.
A report by C. Kim and co-workers published in January 2003 edition of "Archives of Pharmacal Research" looked at the potential ability of Astragalus membranaceus to increase growth hormone. These scientists first identified four active ingredients from the herb. Those chemicals were then tested on rat pituitary glands maintained in culture. The data showed each substance stimulated the release of growth hormone. Such findings suggest that Astragalus membranaceus may increase growth hormones in humans. Yet results obtained in animal studies do not necessarily generalize, and the long-term safety of yellow leader remains unknown.
Licorice Root
Southern European cultures have traditionally used Glycyrrhizae radix to treat mild lung conditions such as bronchitis. Commonly referred to as licorice root, the supplement has demulcent and expectorant properties, making it useful as a cough syrup. Glycyrrhizae radix may also bolster the immune system and help the body fight cancer.
A study by H. Y. Lee and associates presented in the November 2007 issue of "Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology" identified another potential benefit of Glycyrrhizae radix. The scientists first isolated several active ingredients in the root. They then tested those substances on cultured pituitary cells and in intact rats. In all cases, the components of Glycyrrhizae radix increased growth hormone production. These findings remain preliminary and unreplicated. Chronic use of licorice root may also cause unwanted side effects. Therefore, you should not take licorice root until more testing is done.
Chinese Yam
The yam Dioscorea batatas, found in the hilly regions of China, may have several medicinal properties. People use Chinese yams as a general cure and combine it with other traditional herbs, creating potent elixirs. The yam contains the steroid diosgenin, which affects the estrogen and progesterone systems. It can, for example, be an effective contraceptive.
Another study by H. Y. Lee and colleagues offered in the November 2007 issue of "Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology" assessed the impact of the Chinese yam on growth hormone in rats. These authors first isolated an active component from Dioscorea batatas. This substance, dioscin, was then applied onto rat pituitary cells and injected into live rats. Both protocols resulted in large increases in growth hormone production. Nutritional supplements made from intact yams may produce different results, especially in human subjects. In addition, no long-term experiment has properly assessed the safety and toxicy of Dioscorea batatas.
References
* "Archives of Pharmacal Research"; Induction of Growth Hormone by the Roots of Astragalus membranaceus in Pituitary Cell Culture; C. Kim et al.; January 2003
* Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: Induction of Growth Hormone Release by Glycyrrhizae radix on Rat
* Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: Induction of Growth Hormone Release by Dioscin from Dioscorea batatas DECNE
Read more: http://www.livestrong.com/article/306110-herbs-that-stimulate-growth-hormones/#ixzz1KIXbFwjW
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Precautions
At recommended doses, astragalus has no serious side effects and can generally be used safely. It does interact with other herbs and medications (see Possible Interactions section).
If you are pregnant or breast-feeding, you should talk to your doctor before taking any medication, including herbs.
Possible Interactions
If you are being treated with any of the following medications, you should not use astragalus without first talking to your health care provider:
Antiviral medications -- Astragalus may increase the effects of some antiviral medications such as acyclovir and interferon.
Drugs that suppress the immune system -- Astragalus may counteract the immune-suppressing effects of cyclophosphamide, a medication used to reduce the chances of rejection in transplant recipients, as well as corticosteroids.
Diabetes medications -- Astragalus may lower blood sugar, making the effects of diabetes drugs stronger.
High blood pressure medication -- Astragalus may lower blood pressure, making the effects of these drugs stronger.
Diuretics (water pills) -- Astragalus is a diuretic and may make the effects of other diuretics stronger.
Anti-coagulants(blood thinners) -- Astragalus may make the effects of these drugs stronger, increasing the risk of bleeding and stroke.
Drug Interactions:
Cyclophosphamide
Astragalus products are derived from the roots of Astragalus membranaceus or related species, which are native to China. In traditional Chinese medicine, astragalus is commonly found in mixtures with other herbs, and is used in the treatment of numerous ailments, including heart, liver, and kidney diseases, as well as cancer, viral infections, and immune system disorders. Western herbalists began using astragalus in the 1800s as an ingredient in various tonics. The use of astragalus became popular in the 1980s based on theories about anti-cancer properties, although these proposed effects have not been clearly demonstrated in reliable human studies.
Some medicinal uses of astragalus are based on its proposed immune stimulatory properties, reported in preliminary laboratory and animal experiments, but not conclusively demonstrated in humans. Most astragalus research has been conducted in China, and has not been well designed or reported.
Gummy sap (tragacanth) from astragalus is used as a thickener (ice cream), emulsifier, denture adhesive and anti-diarrheal agent.
Possible Interactions:
If you are being treated with any of the following medications, you should not use astragalus without first talking to your health care provider:
Drugs that suppress the immune system -- Astragalus may counteract the immune-suppressing effects of cyclophosphamide, a medication used to reduce the chances of rejection in transplant recipients, as well as corticosteroids.
Alternative Names:
Astragalus membranaceus; Astragalus mongholicus; Huang-qi; Milk-vetch root
* Reviewed last on: 8/25/2008
* Steven D. Ehrlich, NMD, private practice specializing in complementary and alternative medicine, Phoenix, AZ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by Ernest B. Hawkins, MS, BSPharm, RPh, Integrative Health Resources, Asheville, NC.
Supporting Research
Chen KT, Su CH, Hsin LH, et al. Reducing fatigue of athletes following oral administration of huangqi jianzhong tang. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2002;23(8):757-761.
Duan P, Wang ZM. [Clinical study on effect of Astragalus in efficacy enhancing and toxicity reducing of chemotherapy in patients of malignant tumor]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi.2002;22(7):515-517.
Hao Y, Qiu QY, Wu J. [Effect of Astragalus polysaccharides in promoting neutrophil-vascular endothelial cell adhesion and expression of related adhesive molecules]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2004;24(5):427-430.
Hei ZQ, Zhang JJ, Lin SQ, et al. [Effects of Astragalus membranaceus injection on nitric oxide and endothelin concentration of intestinal mucosa after hemorrhage shock-reperfusion in rats]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2004;29(5):444-447.
Kim SH, Lee SE, Oh H, et al. The radioprotective effects of bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang: a prescription of traditional Chinesemedicine astragalus. J Chin Med. 2002;30(1):127-137.
Mao SP, Cheng KL, Zhou YF. [Modulatory effect of Astragalus membranaceus on Th1/Th2 cytokine in patients with herpes simplex keratitis]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2004;24(2):121-123.
Shao BM, Xu W, Dai H, et al. A study on the immune receptors for polysaccharides from the roots of Astragalus membranaceus, a Chinese medicinal herb. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004;320(4):1103-1111.
Shi FS, Yang ZG, Di GP. [Effect of Astragalus saponin on vascular endothelial cell and its function in burn patients]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2001;21(10):750-751.
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Evidence
These uses have been tested in humans or animals. Safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider.
Safety
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration does not strictly regulate herbs and supplements. There is no guarantee of strength, purity or safety of products, and effects may vary. You should always read product labels. If you have a medical condition, or are taking other drugs, herbs, or supplements, you should speak with a qualified healthcare provider before starting a new therapy. Consult a healthcare provider immediately if you experience side effects.
Allergies
In theory, patients with allergies to members of the Leguminosae (pea) family may react to astragalus. Cross-reactivity with quillaja bark (soapbark) has been reported for astragalus gum tragacanth.
Side Effects and Warnings
Some species of astragalus have caused poisoning in livestock, although these types are usually not used in human preparations (which primarily include Astragalus membranaceus ). Livestock toxicity, referred to as "locoweed" poisoning, has occurred with species that contain swainsonine ( Astragalus lentiginosus, Astragalus mollissimus, Astragalus nothrosys, Astragalus pubentissimus, Astragalus thuseri, Astragalus wootoni ), or in species that accumulate selenium ( Astragalus bisulcatus, Astragalus flavus, Astragalus praelongus, Astragalus saurinus, Astragalus tenellus ).
Overall, it is difficult to determine the side effects or toxicity of astragalus, because it is most commonly used in combination with other herbs. There are numerous reports of side effects ranging from mild to deadly in the United States Food and Drug Administration computer database, although most of these are with multi-ingredient products, and cannot be attributed to astragalus specifically. Astragalus used alone and in recommended doses is traditionally considered to be safe, although safety is not well studied. The most common side effects appear to be mild stomach upset and allergic reactions. In the United States, tragacanth (astragalus gummy sap) has been classified as GRAS (generally recognized as safe) for food use, but astragalus does not have GRAS status.
Based on preliminary animal studies and limited human research, astragalus may decrease blood sugar levels. Caution is advised in patients with diabetes or hypoglycemia, and in those taking drugs, herbs, or supplements that affect blood sugar. Serum glucose levels may need to be monitored by a healthcare professional, and medication adjustments may be necessary.
Based on anecdotal reports and preliminary laboratory research, astragalus may increase the risk of bleeding. Caution is advised in patients with bleeding disorders or taking drugs that may increase the risk of bleeding. Dosing adjustments may be necessary.
Preliminary reports of human use in China have noted decreased blood pressure at doses below 15 grams and increased blood pressure at doses above 30 grams. Animal research suggests possible blood pressure lowering effects. Due to a lack of well-designed studies, no firm conclusions can be drawn. Nonetheless, people with abnormal blood pressure or taking blood pressure medications should use caution and be monitored by a qualified healthcare professional. Palpitations have been noted in human reports in China.
Based on animal study, astragalus may act as a diuretic and increase urination. In theory, this may lead to dehydration or metabolic abnormalities. There is one report of pneumonia in an infant after breathing in an herbal medicine powder including Astragalus sarcocolla .
Astragalus may increase growth hormone levels.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
There is not enough scientific evidence to recommend the safe use of Astragalus membranaceus during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Studies of toxic astragalus species, such as Astragalus lentiginosus or Astragalus mollissimus (locoweed) have reported harmful effects during animal pregnancies, leading to abortions or abnormal heart development.
Most herbs and supplements have not been thoroughly tested for interactions with other herbs, supplements, drugs, or foods. The interactions listed below are based on reports in scientific publications, laboratory experiments, or traditional use. You should always read product labels. If you have a medical condition, or are taking other drugs, herbs, or supplements, you should speak with a qualified healthcare provider before starting a new therapy.
Interactions with Drugs
Based on preliminary animal studies and limited human research, astragalus may decrease blood sugar levels. Caution is advised in patients with diabetes or hypoglycemia, and in those taking drugs that affect blood sugar. Serum glucose levels may need to be monitored by a healthcare provider, and medication adjustments may be necessary.
Preliminary reports of human use in China have noted decreased blood pressure at doses below 15 grams and increased blood pressure at doses above 30 grams. Animal research suggests possible blood pressure lowering effects. Although well-designed studies are not available, people taking drugs that affect blood pressure should use caution and be monitored by a qualified healthcare professional. It has been suggested that beta-blocker drugs such as propranolol (Inderal®) or atenolol (Tenormin®) may reduce the effects on the heart of astragalus, although this has not been well studied.
Based on anecdotal reports, astragalus may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with drugs that increase the risk of bleeding. Some examples include aspirin, anticoagulants ("blood thinners") such as warfarin (Coumadin®) or heparin, anti-platelet drugs such as clopidogrel (Plavix®), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen (Motrin®, Advil®) or naproxen (Naprosyn®, Aleve®).
Based on animal research and traditional use, astragalus may act as a diuretic and increase urination. In theory, this may lead to dehydration or metabolic abnormalities (low blood sodium or potassium), particularly when used in combination with diuretic drugs such as furosemide (Lasix®), chlorothiazide (Diuril®), or spironolactone (Aldactone®).
Based on laboratory and animal studies, astragalus may possess immune stimulating properties, although research in humans is not conclusive. Some research suggests that astragalus may interfere with the effects of drugs that suppress the immune system, such as steroids or agents used in organ transplants. Better research is necessary before a firm conclusion can be reached.
Some sources suggest other potential drug interactions, although there is no reliable scientific evidence in these areas. These include reduced effects of astragalus when used with sedative agents such as phenobarbital or hypnotic agents like chloral hydrate; increased effects of astragalus when taken with colchicine; increased effects of paralytics such as pancuronium or succinylcholine when used with astragalus; increased effects of stimulants such as ephedrine or epinephrine; increased side effects of dopamine antagonists such as haloperidol (Haldol®); and increased side effects of the cancer drug procarbazine.
Interactions with Herbs and Dietary Supplements
Based on preliminary animal studies and limited human research, astragalus may decrease blood sugar levels. Caution is advised in patients with diabetes or hypoglycemia, and in those taking herbs or supplements that affect blood sugar. Possible examples include Aloe vera , American ginseng, bilberry, bitter melon, burdock, fenugreek, fish oil, gymnema, horse chestnut seed extract (HCSE), marshmallow, milk thistle, Panax ginseng, rosemary, Siberian ginseng, stinging nettle and white horehound. Serum glucose levels may need to be monitored by a healthcare provider, and dosing adjustments may be necessary.
Preliminary reports of human use in China have noted decreased blood pressure at doses below 15 grams and increased blood pressure at doses above 30 grams. Animal research suggests possible blood pressure lowering effects. Although well-designed studies are not available, people taking herbs or supplements that affect blood pressure should use caution and be monitored by a qualified healthcare professional. Herbs that may lower blood pressure include aconite/monkshood, arnica, baneberry, betel nut, bilberry, black cohosh, bryony, calendula, California poppy, coleus, curcumin, eucalyptol, eucalyptus oil, ginger, goldenseal, green hellebore, hawthorn, Indian tobacco, jaborandi, mistletoe, night blooming cereus, oleander, pasque flower, periwinkle, pleurisy root, shepherd's purse, Texas milkweed, turmeric, and wild cherry.
Based on anecdotal reports, astragalus may increase the risk of bleeding when taken with herbs or supplements that increase the risk of bleeding. Multiple cases of bleeding have been reported with the use of Ginkgo biloba and fewer cases with garlic and saw palmetto. Numerous other agents may theoretically increase the risk of bleeding, although this has not been proven in most cases. Some examples include: alfalfa, American ginseng, angelica, anise, Arnica montana , asafetida, aspen bark, bilberry, birch, black cohosh, bladderwrack, bogbean, boldo, borage seed oil, bromelain, capsicum, cat's claw, celery, chamomile, chaparral, clove, coleus, cordyceps, danshen, devil's claw, dong quai, evening primrose, fenugreek, feverfew, flaxseed/flax powder (not a concern with flaxseed oil), ginger, grapefruit juice, grapeseed, green tea, guggul, gymnestra, horse chestnut, horseradish, licorice root, lovage root, male fern, meadowsweet, nordihydroguairetic acid (NDGA), onion, papain, Panax ginseng, parsley, passionflower, poplar, prickly Ash, propolis, quassia, red clover, reishi, Siberian ginseng, sweet clover, rue, sweet birch, sweet clover, turmeric, vitamin E, white willow, wild carrot, wild lettuce, willow, wintergreen, and yucca.
Based on animal research and traditional use, astragalus may act as a diuretic and increase urination. In theory, this may lead to dehydration or metabolic abnormalities (low blood sodium or potassium), particularly when used in combination with herbs or supplements that may possess diuretic properties. Examples include artichoke, celery, corn silk, couchgrass, dandelion, elder flower, horsetail, juniper berry, kava, shepherd's purse, uva ursi, and yarrow.
Based on laboratory and animal studies, astragalus may possess immune stimulating properties, although research in humans is not conclusive. It is not known if astragalus interacts with other agents that are proposed to affect the immune system. Examples include bromelain, calendula, coenzyme Q10, echinacea, ginger, ginseng, goldenseal, gotu kola, lycopene, maitake mushroom, marshmallow, polypodium, propolis, and tea tree oil.
Sources
http://chakra4online.com/herbs-for-immune-support/the-benefits-of-astragalus
http://www.livestrong.com/article/306110-herbs-that-stimulate-growth-hormones/#ixzz1KIXbFwjW
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